What is a rolling forecast, and how is it different from a budget?
A budget is set once a year and becomes the target. A rolling forecast is updated regularly, usually monthly or quarterly, and always looks the same distance ahead, such as the next 12 or 18 months. The budget says where you planned to be. The rolling forecast says where you're actually heading.
Do you still need an annual budget if you run a rolling forecast?
Most companies do. The budget sets targets, bonuses and the plan the board approved. The rolling forecast shows where you're heading against it. Some companies drop the budget entirely, but for most finance teams the useful move is keeping both, built on the same drivers so they're easy to compare.
How many scenarios should a finance team build?
Usually three: a base case you expect, an upside and a downside, each driven by the few assumptions that actually move the business, like volume, price, hiring pace or churn. More scenarios than that tend to go unused. What matters is that switching between them takes minutes, not a rebuilt file.
What is driver-based forecasting?
Instead of forecasting every line of the profit and loss directly, you forecast the handful of business drivers behind it, such as units, price, headcount and hiring dates, and let the financials calculate from them. Change a driver and revenue, cost and cash update together, which is what makes scenarios quick to run.
How do you run variance analysis every month without rebuilding the file?
Keep actuals, budget, forecast and prior year in the same model, on the same chart of accounts and dimensions. Then variance reports are views, not projects: they refresh when actuals load. The time goes into explaining the variances, which is the part the board actually wants to hear.